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Common Birth Control Pill Side Effects

the oral contraceptive pill, commonly known as "the pill" is a form of hormonal contraception taken by about 12 million women in the US every year to prevent pregnancy.

The pill is a very effective method of birth control when taken correctly (at the same time every day), with only 0.1% of women with unplanned pregnancy, of according to the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals (ARHP); about 1 of every 100 women who take the pill experience an unwanted pregnancy in the first year of pill use.

However, pregnancy rates increase dramatically in women who forget a pill (rates go up 30-80 times, according to the ARHP).

There are two types of birth control pills, which contain synthetic forms of the hormones estrogen andprogesterone (progestin). The combined pills contain these two hormones, while the "mini-pill" - known as the progestin-only pill -. only it contains the hormone progestin

The pill can also be taken with non-contraceptive medical purposes to address issues such as:

• Regulation of menstrual periods
• Irregular periods
• menorrhagia (heavy periods)
• dysmenorrhea (painful periods)
• endometriosis
• premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth) and alopecia (hair loss)
• Reduce the risk of breast cysts, ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and tubal pregnancies tubes.

Oral contraceptives are also used as a method to prevent ovarian and endometrial. Birth control pills do not prevent sexually transmitted diseases.

side effects common contraceptive pill

Common side effects of oral contraceptives are :. intermenstrual spotting, nausea, breast tenderness, headache, weight gain, mood swings, loss of periods, decreased libido, vaginal discharge and visual changes with contact lenses

we to see each of these side effects in detail below.

1. intermenstrual spotting

Approximately 50% of people who use the pill experience vaginal bleeding between periods expected - also known as breakthrough bleeding - most commonly within the first 3 months start taking the pill. Usually this works out at more than 90% of cases by the third package of pills.

During spots, pill is still effective as long as is taken correctly and no dose were lost. People experiencing 5 or more days of bleeding, while in the active pills or heavy bleeding for 3 or more days should contact a health professional for advice. ⁴

I spotting may occur because the uterus adjust to having a thinner endometrial lining, or perhaps because of the body adapted to have different levels of hormones.

2. Nausea

Some people experience mild nausea when first taking the pill, but symptoms usually disappear after a short period of time. Take the pill with food or before bedtime can help reduce the chance of nausea. Anyone experiencing persistent or severe nausea should seek medical advice.

3. breast tenderness

pills

birth can cause breast enlargement or tenderness. This side effect tends to improve a few weeks after starting the pill, but anyone who finds a lump in the breast or has persistent pain or tenderness or severe chest pain should seek medical help.

Reducing caffeine intake and salt can reduce breast tenderness, as you can use a support bra.

4. Headaches

Sex hormones have an effect on the development of headaches and migraines. Pills with different types and doses of the hormone can lead to different symptoms of headache. Some studies have previously suggested that headaches are less likely to occur with pills containing low doses of hormones.

The symptoms of headache tend to improve over time. Anyone experiencing new onset of headaches when taking the pill should seek medical attention.

5. Weight gain

Clinical studies have found no consistent association between the use of birth control pills and weight fluctuations. However, many people taking the pill report experiencing some fluid retention, especially in the areas of the chest and hip.

Fat cells may also be affected by estrogen in birth control pills, although the hormone causes cells to become larger rather than more numerous.

6. Mood Swings

is recommended

People with a history of depression to discuss this with your doctor because some people do suffer from depression or other emotional changes while taking the pill . Anyone experiencing mood swings while using the pill should contact your health care provider.

In a study of 90 women published in Human Mapping in 2015 found that the use of the contraceptive pill was associated with the measurement of smaller cortical thickness in the orbitofrontal cortex and the cingulate later. These areas of the brain are linked to reward response and evaluation of incoming stimuli.

The study authors write that more research should be conducted to confirm whether or not there is a connection between the cortical thinning in these areas of the brain, mood swings and birth control pill use.

7. missed periods

There are times when, despite the proper use of the pill, a period may be omitted or lost. There are several factors that can influence this, such as stress, illness, travel, and hormonal or thyroid disorders.

If a period is missed or is very light, while on the pill, a pregnancy test is recommended before taking the next pack of pills; If successive periods are lost or are very light, see a doctor.

8. decreased libido

The hormone (s) in the pill can affect sexual desire (libido) in some people. However, many other factors can contribute to a decreased libido. If decreased libido persists and is bothersome, this should be discussed with a health care provider.

In some cases, however, the pill can increase libido. This increase may be due to the relief of the painful symptoms such as menstrual cramps, premenstrual syndrome, endometriosis and uterine fibroids.

9. The vaginal discharge

Some people experience changes in vaginal discharge when taking the pill. This can range from an increase to a decrease in vaginal lubrication, an alteration in the nature of the discharge, and the changes that can affect sex. In the case of decreasing vaginal lubrication, added lubrication can be used to make sex more comfortable perspective.

Usually, changes in vaginal discharge are not harmful. Anyone who cares about these changes, however, including those who suspect an infection, talk to your health care provider.

10. changes in vision with contact lenses

Hormonal changes caused by the pill can lead to fluid retention, which in turn can make corneas swell or change shape. When this swelling occurs, contact lenses may not fit comfortably.

contact lens wearers should consult their ophthalmologist if they experience any changes in vision or lens tolerance while using the pill.

It is important that anyone who experiences any of the side effects after taking the pills contact your health care provider or visits an emergency room immediately because they can pose a serious condition.

side effects pill birth control that should be investigated are:

• A : abdominal / stomach pain
• C : chest pain (as well as shortness of breath)
• H : headaches that are severe
• E : eye problems such as loss of vision or blurred vision
• S :. Swelling or pain in the legs and thighs (also redness, swelling or pain in the calf or thigh)

These symptoms can be remembered using the acronym pain.

Birth control pills have also been associated with increased blood pressure, benign liver tumors and a slight increase in the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Precautions and risks while taking the pill

Combination pills are not a slightly increased risk of cardiovascular side effects such as heart attack, stroke and blood clots, which can be fatal.

heart attack or stroke are advised not to take the combined contraceptive pill.

Blood clots are rare, but it is recommended to anyone with a history of blood clots, heart attack or stroke not take the contraceptive pill combination and talk to your healthcare provider about using an alternative method.

is also important to note that an unwanted pregnancy has its own side effects.

The Food and Drug Administration US (FDA) discourage the use of combination pills in women 35 years or older who smoke. Other factors that increase the risk of clots includeobesity or a family history of heart disease blood.

is not recommended to take hormonal contraceptives if there is a personal history of breast cancer liver or heart disease, uterine cancer or uncontrolled high blood pressure or migraines with aura.

pills combined with the form of synthetic progesterone called drospirenone may have an increased risk of blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

A qualified physician should be consulted for individual guidance on the most appropriate method of birth control.

Alternative forms of contraception

There are many other methods of contraception that a doctor can prescribe, especially if the side effects of the pill are serious.

The following are just a selection of alternatives to the birth control pill are available.

Condoms

One form of contraception barrier that prevents sperm from coming into contact with the egg cells. Male condoms are pods that are placed over the penis while female condoms are bags with rings at each end.

Condoms are often made of latex, which can trigger allergies in some people. alternative condoms are available that are made of polyurethane or lambskin.

Diaphragm

A cup of surface mount, dome-shaped that is placed in the vagina to block the cervix. A diaphragm should be used with spermicides, chemicals that make sperm stops moving, making them unable to contact the egg cells.

People who use diaphragms may experience urinary tract infections and vaginal irritation. The last side effect can be attributed to either the diaphragm material is made of or spermicide used with her.

NuvaRing (vaginal ring)

A plastic ring inserted into the vagina that releases hormones to suppress ovulation.

The vaginal ring may have similar side effects to the pill, including spotting, headache and decreased libido.

contraceptive injections

Injections, such as Depo-Provera can suppress ovulation and thicken cervical mucus to reduce the chances of sperm reaching the eggs.

These injections can have side effects similar to the pill. In addition, Depo-Provera may cause a loss of bone mineral density, which increases the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures in adulthood.

Contraceptive implants

A small plastic rod that is implanted in the upper arm and releases a hormone to thicken the cervical mucus, thin the endometrial lining and suppress ovulation.

These implants may have similar side effects to the pill. In addition, contraceptive implants can cause abdominal or back pain or increase the risk of non-cancerous ovarian cysts.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs)

Intrauterine devices are an alternative form of contraception with the pill.

A small plastic and copper device that is inserted into the uterus. IUDs can be hormonal or non-hormonal. Hormonal IUDs thicken cervical mucus and suppress ovulation, while non-hormonal IUD produce an inflammatory response in the uterus that is toxic to sperm.

IUD can cause spotting and irregular menstruation. Some IUDs can result in heavier periods with cramps worsened.

vasectomy

A surgical procedure for male sterilization which the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the penis are blocked or cut.

potential complications of vasectomy procedure include infection, hematoma, contusion and granuloma formation of sperm -. Lumps developing in the tissue surrounding the vas deferens, where sperm have leaked

for more information on alternative forms of contraception, visit our Knowledge Center article: contraceptive methods :. Types, effectiveness and side effects

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