Title : 10 Common Questions Cholesterol
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10 Common Questions Cholesterol
Cholesterol "is a household word, but it remains an elusive concept for many people. And is not surprising. the chemistry is just simple, even for biochemists. Here are some notes cholesterol review.
cholesterol is a fatty substance found in all animal, human cells and otherwise . it is essential for life. the human body makes all the cholesterol it needs, so we can live without eating any cholesterol. cholesterol is attached to packets of proteins called lipoproteins, which are assembled in the liver and circulate in our torrent . blood Two of the best known types of lipoproteins are HDL (high density lipoprotein), the "good" kind that carries cholesterol out of the system, and LDL (low density lipoprotein), the "bad" type of cholesterol deposits in artery walls, where it can build up and reduce the arteries. High levels of LDL cholesterol is a known risk factor for heart attack.
willThe following table refresh your memory on guidelines for total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. In the US, cholesterol is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg / dL) blood. In Canada and many other countries, measured in millimoles per liter (mmol / L). The latter is known as the International System. (To convert to millimoles, divide milligrams per 38.67 To convert to millimoles to milligrams, multiply by 38.67..)
CHOLESTEROL LDL
Optimal: Less than 100 mg / dl (2.58 mmol / L)
desirable: 100-129 mg / dl (2.58 -3.34 mmol / L)
high Limit: 130-159 mg / dl (3.37 -4.11 mmol / L)
Height: 160 mg / dl or more (4.14 mmol / L or more)
TOTAL CHOLESTEROL
desirable: Less than 200 mg / dl (5.2 mmol / L)
high Limit: 200-239 mg / dl (5.2 -6.19 mmol / L)
Height: 240 mg / dl or more (6.2 mmol / L or more)
HDL CHOLESTEROL
Low: Less than 40 mg / dl (1.03 mmol / L)
TRIGLYCERIDES
optimal: Less than 100 mg / dl (1.13 mmol / L)
desirable: Less than 150 mg / dl (1.69 mmol / L)
high Limit: 150-199 mg / dl (1.69 to 2.25 mmol / L)
high: 200-499 mg / dl (2.26 to 5.63 mmol / L)
Very high: 500 mg / dl (5.74 mmol / L)
how often should I have measured the blood cholesterol?
Adults should be examined at least once every five years, but more often if your total cholesterol is high or close to being high, if the HDL is low and / or have other factors cardiac risk.
My total cholesterol is below 200, but my HDL is only 30. Is this a problem? I am a man of 45 years old.
An HDL below 40 mg / dL is a risk factor for heart attack, even if the total cholesterol is in the desirable range. One study showed that the risk of dying from heart disease was 38 percent higher in men with HDL less than 35 years, even if your total cholesterol was less than 200. Career risk in this type of men it was higher, too. If your total cholesterol and LDL rise, high HDL can help protect a little. The higher the level of HDL, the better.
I am a 55 year old woman, and my HDL has declined significantly over the past five years. Why?
At menopause, estrogen production decreases, and so does the HDL. Female sex hormones tend to raise HDL.
How I can raise my level of HDL? Lower my LDL?
is more difficult to raise HDL cholesterol lower overall. Hormone replacement therapy can increase HDL in postmenopausal women, but it is not recommended for this purpose because it can increase the risk of breast cancer. Moderate alcohol consumption up to one drink a day for women, two for a man who also helps increase HDL. Stop smoking if you smoke, losing weight if you are overweight and get regular aerobic exercise.To lower LDL cholesterol, limit your intake of saturated fats, trans fats and dietary cholesterol. Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and grains, nonfat or low-fat milk products. LDL cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce mainly, but some also raise HDL.
I know my HDL and LDL. Why not add to my total cholesterol?
Certain blood fats called triglycerides are also included in the equation, which is:
total cholesterol = HDL + LDL + (triglycerides ÷ 5)
Indeed, LDL no It is measured directly but derived as follows:
LDL = total cholesterol - HDL - triglycerides (÷ 5)
See the following question and answer for more information on triglycerides.
are triglycerides also cholesterol? And it is important to pay attention to them?
is important to know your triglyceride level and to decrease if elevated. Triglycerides are a type of fat that circulates in the blood and provides energy for the body. Triglycerides are also found in the fats we eat and temporarily increase blood levels after meals. Excess calories are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue. Along with cholesterol, triglycerides tend to increase as people age (and fatter). Women, particularly after menopause, tend to have higher levels than men. If a high level of triglycerides by itself endangers the heart is controversial. However, high levels tend to go hand in hand with a constellation of other risk factors for heart disease, including low HDL cholesterol, increased levels of small dense particles of LDL cholesterol, insulin resistance or diabetes, abdominal obesity and high blood pressure. Treatment of these conditions often brings down triglycerides, too, though not always. If you have high, triglycerides changes in diet and lifestyle are usually the first steps. If these are not sufficient, or if your levels are too high, you need medical treatment.
Why not bag labels distinguish between good and bad cholesterol?
The cholesterol we eat is simply cholesterol can not eat "good cholesterol". Dietary cholesterol comes only from animal products such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy products. The amount of cholesterol consumed affects the amount your body produces, which is also affected by genetic factors. However, fats, which are mainly saturated in animal origin, raise LDL cholesterol more diet does.
I heard that it's okay to eat eggs and shrimp. Both these foods are rich in cholesterol, so why do they agree?
Everything depends on how much of these foods you eat and in what context and what their personal risk factors are. A large egg contains about 185 milligrams of cholesterol; The American Heart Association recommends a maximum daily dose of 300 milligrams for most people (200 milligrams for people with heart disease, diabetes or high blood cholesterol levels unwanted). Would rather eat an egg if the other foods you eat that day are low in cholesterol.And some recent research suggests that eggs can actually provide some benefits for the heart. Shrimp contain more cholesterol than most crustaceans (175 milligrams in 3 ounces), but, like eggs, which are low in saturated fat, and shrimp, in moderate amounts, has a place in a healthy diet for the heart.
Do I need to fast before a cholesterol test?
Although total cholesterol and HDL can be measured quite accurately and without fasting, to measure LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (blood fats) should fast for 12 hours (overnight) .
What can skew the results of a cholesterol test?
Fluctuations in weight shortly before the test, changes in diet and excessive intake of alcohol can affect your test. The same goes for surgery or injury, infection or intense physical effort. Your results may even vary with the seasons. At the time of the test, your weight should have been stable for at least two weeks, and that should have been with his usual diet and drink the usual amount of alcohol, if you drink at all. They must have elapsed at least two weeks from any surgery, trauma, illness or physical stress.
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