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Title : 8 signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency
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8 signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency

Vitamin D is an important vitamin that has powerful effects on several whole body systems ( 1 ).

Unlike most vitamins, vitamin D is now considered as a hormone, and every cell in your body has a receptor for it.

Your body from cholesterol when the skin is exposed to sunlight.

It is also found in certain foods such as fish fatty and fortified dairy products, although it is very difficult to get enough from diet alone.

The recommended daily intake is usually about 400-800 IU, but many experts say you should do even more than that.

Vitamin D deficiency is very common. It is estimated that about 1 billion people worldwide have low levels of the vitamin in the blood ( 2 ).

According to a 2011 study, 41.6% of adults in the US they are deficient. This number rises 69.2% in Hispanics and 82.1% in African Americans ( 3 ).

These are the common risk factors for vitamin D deficiency

• Having dark skin.
• Being older.
• Overweight or obese.
• not eat much fish or milk.
• Living away from Ecuador, where there is little sunshine throughout the year.
• Always wear sunscreen when going out.
• stay inside.

People living near the Ecuador and get frequent exposure to the sun are less likely to be poor, because your skin produce enough vitamin D to meet the body's needs.

Most people do not realize they are poor, because the symptoms are often subtle. You can not easily see, even if they are having a significant negative effect on their quality of life.

Here are 8 signs and symptoms of vitamin D deficiency

1. often get sick or infected

One of the most important functions of vitamin D's is keep your immune system strong so it is able to fight off viruses and bacteria that cause disease.

interacts directly with the cells that are responsible for fighting infection ( 4 ).

If you get sick often, especially with colds or flu, low levels of vitamin D may be a contributing factor.

Several large observational studies have shown a relationship between impairment of respiratory infections such as colds and bronchitis and pneumonia ( 5 6 ).

A number of studies have found that taking vitamin D supplements in doses up to 4,000 IU a day can reduce the risk of respiratory tract infections ( 7 8 9 ).

In a study of people with this chronic lung disorder COPD , only those who were severely deficient in vitamin D experienced a significant benefit after taking a supplement high doses for a year ( 10 ).

Conclusion: Vitamin D plays an important role in immune function. One of the most common symptoms of deficiency increased risk of disease or infection.

2. tiredness and fatigue

Fatigue can have many causes and vitamin D deficiency can be one of them.

Unfortunately, it is often overlooked as a potential cause.

Case studies have shown that very low levels can cause fatigue which has a serious negative effect on quality of life ( 11 12 ).

In one case, a woman who complained of chronic daytime fatigue and headaches was found to have a blood level of only 5.9 ng / ml. This is extremely low, as anything under 20 ng / ml is considered to be poor.

When the woman took a vitamin D supplement, its level increased to 39 ng / ml and symptoms resolved ( 12 ).

However, even blood levels are not extremely low can have a negative impact on energy levels.

A large observational study examined the relationship between vitamin D and fatigue in young women.

The study found that women with blood levels below 20 ng / ml or 21 to 29 ng / ml were more likely to complain of fatigue than those with blood levels over 30 ng / ml ( 13 ).

Another observational study of nurses found a strong relationship between low levels of vitamin D and the subjective perception of fatigue.

What's more, the researchers found that 89% of nurses were deficient ( 14 ).

Conclusion: fatigue and exhaustion can be a sign of vitamin D. Taking supplements can help improve energy levels.

3. Bone and back pain

Vitamin D is involved in maintaining bone health through a number of mechanisms.

On the one hand, it improves absorption by the body of calcium .

Bone pain and low back pain may be signs of inadequate levels of vitamin D in the blood.

large observational studies have found a relationship between deficiency and chronic low back pain ( 15 16 17 ).

One study examined the association between vitamin D levels and back pain in more than 9,000 elderly women.

The researchers found that people with a deficiency were more likely to have back pain, including severe back pain that limits their daily activities ( 17 ).

In a controlled study, people with vitamin D deficiency were almost twice as likely to experience bone pain in her legs, nerves or joints compared to those with blood levels in the normal range ( 18 ).

Conclusion :. Low levels of this vitamin can be a cause or contributing factor to bone pain and low back pain

4. Depression

A depressed mood it can also be a sign of deficiency.

In review studies, researchers have linked vitamin D deficiency to depression, especially in older adults ( 19 20 ).

In an analysis, 65% of observational studies found a link between low blood levels and depression.

On the other hand, most controlled trials, which carry more scientific than observational studies weight, showed no relationship between the two ( 19 ).

However, researchers who analyzed the studies showed that doses of vitamin D in controlled studies were often very low.

In addition, it was observed that some of the studies may not have lasted long enough to see the effect of taking supplements mood time.

Some controlled studies have shown that administration of vitamin D for people who are deficient helps improve depression, including seasonal depression that occurs during the colder months ( 21 , 22 ).

Conclusion :. Depression is associated with low levels of vitamin D and some studies have found that supplementation improves mood

5. Wound healing problems

slow healing of wounds after surgery or injury can be a sign that vitamin D levels are too low.

The results of a laboratory study suggests that vitamin increases the production of compounds that are crucial for the formation of new skin as part of the healing process of wounds ( 23 ).

In a study in patients who underwent dental surgery found that certain aspects of healing were compromised by deficiency of vitamin D ( 24 ).

It has also been suggested that vitamin D's role in control of inflammation and the fight against infection is important for proper healing.

An analysis focused on patients with diabetic foot infections.

found that people with severe vitamin D deficiency were more likely to have higher levels of inflammatory markers that can impair healing ( 25 ).

Unfortunately, at this time there is very little research on the effects of vitamin D supplementation in wound healing in people with disabilities.

However, one study found that when patients with leg ulcers that were deficient in vitamin D were treated with vitamin, ulcer size reduced by 28% on average ( 26 ).

Conclusion :. Insufficient levels of vitamin D can lead to wound healing after surgery, injury or infection

6. Bone loss

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium absorption and bone metabolism.

Many older women who are diagnosed with bone loss believe they need to take more calcium. However, they may be deficient in vitamin D also.

low bone mineral density is an indication that calcium and other minerals are lost from bone. This puts older people, especially women, at increased risk of fractures.

In a large observational study of more than 1,100 middle-aged women menopausal or post-menopausal, the researchers found a strong relationship between low levels of vitamin D and low bone mineral density ( 27 ).

However, a controlled study found that women who were deficient in vitamin D experienced no improvement in bone mineral density when they took high doses of supplements, even if their blood levels improved ( 28 ).

Regardless of these findings, vitamin D intake and maintaining adequate blood levels within the optimal range may be a good strategy for the protection of bone mass and reduce the risk of fracture.

Conclusion: A diagnosis of low bone mineral density may be a sign of vitamin D. Getting enough of this vitamin is important for preserving bone mass as you age .

7. Hair Loss

Hair loss is often attributed to stress, which is certainly a common cause.

However, when hair loss is severe, it may be the result of disease or nutrient deficiency .

female hair loss pattern has been linked to low levels of vitamin D, although there is very little research on this so far ( 29 ).

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe loss of hair from the head and other body parts. It is associated with rickets, a disease that causes soft bones in children due to deficiency of vitamin D ( 30 ).

Low levels of vitamin D are related to alopecia areata and can be a risk factor for developing the disease ( 31 , 32 , 33 ).

One study found that people with alopecia areata who had the lowest blood levels tended to have more severe hair loss ( 33 ).

In a case study, it was discovered that topical application of a synthetic form of the vitamin to successfully treat hair loss in a child with a defect in the receptor for vitamin D ( 34 ).

Conclusion :. Hair loss can be a sign of vitamin D deficiency in hair loss or female pattern alopecia areata autoimmune condition

8. Muscle pain

the causes of muscle pain are often difficult to pinpoint.

There is some evidence that vitamin D deficiency may be a potential for muscle pain in children and adults ( 35 36 37 because ).

In one study, 71% of people with chronic pain were found to be deficient ( 37 ).

The vitamin D receptor is present on nerve cells called nociceptors, which detect pain.

In a study in rats showed that a deficiency led to pain and tenderness due to stimulation of nociceptors in muscles ( 38 ).

Some studies have found that taking high doses of vitamin D supplements could reduce different types of pain in people who are deficient ( 39 40 ).

In a study of 120 children with vitamin D deficiency that had growing pains found that a single dose of vitamin reduces pain scores by an average of 57% ( 40 ) .

Conclusion :. There is a relationship between chronic pain and low blood levels of the vitamin, which may be due to the interaction between vitamin and sensitive nerve cells to pain

correct a deficiency of vitamin D is simple

vitamin D deficiency is very common and most people are not aware of it.

This is because the symptoms are often subtle and non-specific, meaning it is difficult to know if they are caused by low levels of vitamin D or something else.

If you think you have a deficiency, then it is important to talk to your doctor and get your blood levels measured.

Fortunately, a deficiency of vitamin D is usually easy to fix. You can increase your exposure to the sun, eat more vitamin D-rich foods or just take a supplement.

Fixing your deficiency is simple, easy and can have great benefits for your health.

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