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Title : Do you know the difference between underactive and overactive thyroid
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Do you know the difference between underactive and overactive thyroid

About 20 million Americans suffer from some type of disease or thyroid disorder, according to the American thyroid Association. In addition, women are five to eight times more likely than men to have some kind of thyroid problem.

These statistics show that thyroid problems are very common.

There are many types of thyroid disease. The conditions that affect the most people are hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid).

However, up to 60 percent of people with thyroid disease are unaware of their condition .

For this reason, it is important to understand the role of the thyroid gland and how any dysfunction can affect your body.

What is the thyroid gland and what does it do?

The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the center of the bottom of the neck just below the larynx.

This gland produces thyroid hormones that affect the functioning of every cell, tissue and organ in your body. These hormones help regulate heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature and the rate at which food is converted into energy.

The thyroid gland needs iodine to produce various hormones. The two most important are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) produced by the pituitary gland stimulates the production of hormones from the thyroid gland.

Another important hormone produced by the thyroid gland is calcitonin, which plays a role in calcium homeostasis.

When the thyroid gland is not working properly and produce more or less of the hormones needed, it can lead to either underactive or overactive thyroid.

What do you mean with overactive thyroid insufficiency and?

underactive thyroid :. Also known as hypothyroidism, this condition is characterized by lower activity of the thyroid gland

In simple terms, this means that there is a lack of sufficient thyroid hormones circulating throughout the body. This slows metabolic activity in the body.

overactive thyroid :. Also known as hyperthyroidism, the condition is characterized by abnormally increased activity of the thyroid gland

In simple terms, it means an excess of circulating thyroid hormones in the blood. This unusually accelerated metabolic activity in the body.

Hypothyroidism is more common than hyperthyroidism. Both problems are usually diagnosed by a blood test that measures the level of T3, T4 and TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) in the body.

Symptoms of underactive thyroid

1. Unexplained weight gain

low levels of thyroid hormones contribute to a lower metabolic rate, which in turn makes the excess weight despite decreased appetite.

2. fatigue and constant tiredness

Fatigue and exhaustion is another symptom of hypothyroidism. This occurs when the cells do not function properly due to low levels of thyroid hormone, which in turn cause less energy, fatigue and constant tiredness.

3. menstrual and fertility problems

menstrual and fertility problems are also common in women who suffer from hypothyroidism.

4. Constipation and indigestion

Low levels of thyroid hormones muscles lining the digestive tract weaken, which in turn causes indigestion or constipation.

5. Increased sensitivity to cold

As proper functioning of the thyroid gland is important for regulating body temperature, malfunction can lead to greater intolerance to cold.

6. The dry, scaly skin

Low levels of thyroid hormones slow down your metabolism and even reduce sweating, which can cause dry, flaky skin.

7. Muscle pain and pain

An underactive thyroid increases inflammation in the body, resulting in muscle pain and joint pain.

8. Hair loss

For the development and maintenance of hair follicles, thyroid hormones are adequate essential. An insufficient amount of these hormones can result in slow hair growth and hair loss.

9. Lack of concentration and memory

The insufficiency of thyroid hormones can affect your neurotransmitters, which can lead to poor memory, forgetfulness and problems related concentration.

10. High cholesterol

The insufficiency of thyroid hormones affect the body's ability to break down cholesterol and clear the bloodstream. This leads to high cholesterol levels in the body.

Symptoms of overactive thyroid

1. Unexplained weight loss

Sudden weight loss despite increased appetite is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. High amounts of T4, T3 or both can cause an excessively high metabolic rate, which increases burning "fuel" in the body.

2. Increased sensitivity to heat

High levels of thyroid hormones in the body activate the sweat glands, which leads to increased sweating. Despite increased sweating, your body simply can not tolerate heat. In addition, it makes your skin feel hot and moist.

3. Feeling of fatigue

Initially, due to increased metabolism, your energy level remains high. However, as hyperthyroidism continues, the body tends to break, leading to fatigue and tiredness. High levels of thyroid hormones can also cause sleep disorders, leaving him exhausted during the day.

4. googly eyes

protruding or bulging eyes is also common in patients suffering from overactive thyroid due to Grave's disease in which the upper eyelids are lifted.

5. Tremor

mild tremors are a common phenomenon worldwide when hands or forearm are held in a particular position. But overactive thyroid causes exaggerated physiological tremor, resulting in hand tremors or shaking hands.

6. Muscle weakness

Excessive amounts of thyroid hormones can lead to muscle fibers break down faster than they can be replaced. This can cause weakness in the muscles throughout the body, especially the arms and thighs.

7. The nervousness and anxiety

The release of thyroid hormones in excess dramatically speeds up your heart rate, increased blood pressure and stimulate the response of fight or flight adrenaline your body. This in turn leads to anxiety, irritability and nervousness.

8. Changes in menstrual patterns

High levels of thyroid hormones in the body can delay the onset of puberty and the onset of menstruation in women. It can even cause changes in menstrual patterns.

9. brittle hair

As hair growth depends on the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, abnormally high levels of thyroid hormones can lead to changes in the hair. It can make the hair of the head becomes well, with thinning fair hair on the head. In addition, the scalp is too dry.

The causes of thyroid insufficiency

The most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's disease. In this disease, the immune system produces antibodies that destroy thyroid cells and stop them from taking thyroid hormones.

Other causes of hypothyroidism include genetics, a diet low in iodine, congenital hypothyroidism, thyroiditis and damage to the pituitary gland.

exposure to radiation cancer treatment, certain medications and surgical removal of the thyroid gland can also lead to this problem.

Women over 50 years, people with autoimmune diseases, people treated with anti-thyroid drugs and people with a history of radiation to the neck and upper chest are at a greater risk for this disease.

Hypothyroidism treaty can not lead to many health complications, including goiter (enlarged thyroid), heart problems, depression, peripheral neuropathy, edema, infertility and birth defects.

The causes of overactive thyroid

disease

Graves, an autoimmune disease that stimulates the production of T3 and T4 hormones, is the most common cause of overactive thyroid.

Other causes include excess iodine intake, inflammation of the thyroid (thyroiditis), tumors of the ovaries or testicles, benign tumors of the thyroid or pituitary gland, and excess intake of tetraiodothyronine through dietary supplements or drugs.

Hyperthyroidism tends to run in families and is more common in women than in men.

If not controlled in time, excess thyroid hormones can lead to a number of health complications, including heart problems, weak bones, vision problems, swollen skin and thyrotoxic crisis.

How is hypothyroidism treated?

To treat hypothyroidism, doctors often prescribe synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine). This oral medication restores adequate hormone levels when taken in the correct dosage.

At the same time, alternative, such as coconut oil, vinegar, apple cider, fish oil, seaweed, ginger and foods rich in vitamin D treatments can help restore normal thyroid hormones .

How an overactive thyroid is it?

antithyroid drugs, such as methimazole, help stop the thyroid to overproduce hormones. Even radioiodine (taken orally) it is effective in treating this problem.

If none of these options work, a section or all of the thyroid gland can be surgically removed.

Changes in diet can also help control hyperthyroidism. Eat foods that provide enough calcium and vitamin D along with protein-based foods and sea vegetables.

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