Title : 7 graphics showing calories count
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7 graphics showing calories count
Obesity rates have soared in the last 50 years ( 1 ).
Currently, more than 66% of the US population is overweight or obese ( 1 ).
The cause of this disturbing trend is hotly debated, and some people blame it on certain types of foods or macronutrients.
While these and many other factors may play a role, the underlying cause of the global epidemic of obesity is an energy imbalance ( 2 3 4 ).
That is, people are consuming more calories than before, but the calories burned have not increased enough to offset the increased intake.
Here are 7 graphs showing that calories are important.
1. Body weight has increased Along with calorie intake
Source: Swinburn B, et al. Increased dietary energy supply is more than sufficient to explain the epidemic of obesity in the United States . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 2009.
In this study the change in calorie intake and body weight average from 1970 to 2000. The average child was assessed weighs 9 pounds ( 4 kg) more than in 1970, while the average adult weighs about 19 pounds (8.6 kg) plus ( 5 ).
By comparing the change in the average weight calculations equated almost exactly for increased calorie intake ( 5 ).
The study showed that children now consume an additional 350 calories per day, while adults consume 500 extra calories per day.
2. IMC has increased caloric intake Together
Sources: Ogden CL, et al. mean body weight, height and body mass index: United States 1960-2002 . Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics , 2004.
body mass index (BMI) measures the relationship between height and weight of an individual, and used as an indicator of obesity and disease risk ( 6 , 7 ).
Over the last 50 years, the average BMI increased 3 points, from 25 to 28 ( 8 ).
Among US adults, each increase of 100 calories in daily food intake is associated with a 0.62 point increase in the average BMI ( 9 ).
As you can see in the chart, this increase in BMI correlates almost exactly with increasing calorie intake.
3. The consumption of all macronutrients has increased
Source: Ford ES, et al. Trends in energy consumption among adults in the United States: results from NHANES . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 2013.
The debate over the cause of weight gain and obesity epidemic is being debated. Some blame carbohydrates , while others blame the fat.
Interestingly, data from the National Survey of Health Examination and Nutrition suggests that the percentage of calories from carbohydrates, proteins and fats has remained relatively constant over the years ( 10 ).
As a percentage of calories, carbohydrate intake has increased slightly, while fat consumption has dropped. However, the total intake of the three macronutrients gained.
4. Weight loss low in fat and high-fat diets is the same
Source: Luscombe-ND Marsh, et al. carb diets restricted high in monounsaturated fats, whether or protein are equally effective in promoting fat loss and improving blood lipids . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 2005.
Some researchers say that low carbohydrate diets provide a metabolic advantage over other diets ( 11 12 ).
Research has shown low carbohydrate diet may be effective for weight loss and provide numerous health benefits, but the main reason that causes weight loss it remains the calorie reduction.
One study compared a low-fat diet to a high-fat diet for 12 weeks of caloric restriction. All meal plans restricted calories by 30%.
As the chart shows, there was no significant difference between the two diets calories when tight control is performed.
Most other studies are isocaloric, and calories when controlled in both groups show that weight loss on low-carb and low-fat diets is the same.
said, when people are allowed to eat until the fullness, usually lose more fat on a low carbohydrate diet, because diet suppresses appetite .
5. Weight loss is the same in 4 different low calorie diets with setting
Source: Sacks FM, et al. Comparison of weight loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein and carbohydrates . New England Journal of Medicine , 2009.
This study confirms some of the above research, testing four different calorie-restricted diets for a period of two years ( 13 ).
All four groups lost between 7.9 and 8.58 pounds (3.6 to 3.9 kg), which is very similar. The researchers also found differences in waist circumference between groups.
Interestingly, this study found no difference in weight loss when carbohydrates ranged from 35% to 65% of total calorie intake ( 13 ).
This study demonstrates the benefits of a low calorie diet on weight loss, regardless of rupture macronutrient diet.
6. Counting calories helps you lose weight
Source: Carels RA, et al. Can following the recommendations of caloric restriction of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans help people lose weight? eating behaviors , 2008.
It is often recommended that people eat 500 calories less than they need in order to weight loss . This approach is commonly used in the industry of weight loss and fitness.
The above study the effectiveness of calorie count examined, and if the participants were helped to lose more weight ( 14 ).
As you can see from the chart, there is a strong correlation between the number of days that participants scoured the calorie intake and the amount of weight they lost.
Compared with those who do not pay close attention to calories, people that keeps track of your caloric intake lost almost 400% more weight ( 14 ).
This shows the benefits of controlling your calorie intake. Knowledge of your eating habits and calorie intake is important for weight loss long term.
7. Levels of daily activity and calorie expenditure have decreased
Source: Levine J, et al. The non-exercise activity thermogenesis :. The crouching tiger hidden dragon weight gain of society Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology , 2006.
Along with the increased calorie intake, the evidence also suggests strongly that people are less physically active than before ( 15 16 ).
This creates what is known as an "energy gap", or a difference between calories consumed and calories burned.
Interestingly, research shows that obese people are significantly less physically active than those who are lean.
This does not apply only to formal exercise, but also the activity of lack of exercise, such as standing . One study found that thin people accounted for about 152 minutes a day that people with obesity ( 17 ).
The researchers concluded that if obese people were to match the activity levels of lean group could record an additional 350 calories per day.
This and other studies suggest that a reduction of physical activity is also a major factor in weight gain and obesity, along with increased caloric intake ( 5 16 , 18 ).
Materia calories, that's a fact
Current data strongly support the idea that increased caloric intake may account for the current epidemic of obesity.
Studies also show that reducing calories causes weight loss, regardless of diet composition.
said, it is also true that some foods are more fattening than other .
Most whole foods tend to be very abundant, but highly processed junk foods tend to make it very easy to consume large amounts of calories.
Although the quality of food is very important for optimal health, total calorie intake is a determinant of the amount of weight you lose.
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