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Title : 25 Health Benefits Science-Backed papaya
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25 Health Benefits Science-Backed papaya

What is papaya

Originally from Central America, papaya, Carica papaya is a herbaceous plant resemblance to a tree, although it is not woody ( 1 ).

Interestingly, some historians believe that papaya may represent a fusion of two species of Carica which were once native to the lands of Central America and Mexico ( 2 ).

From now on, however, the papaya fruit is grown predominantly in most tropical regions and is not limited only to Central America and Mexico ( 2 ).

Generally grown from its tiny seeds, papayas develop very quickly under favorable conditions, and its fruit occurs usually before the end of its first year of growth ( 2 ).

The plants themselves do not have a very long shelf life, like most of papaya plants live about five years old, with some living more than five ( 2 ).

Etymology of the Word

Due its widespread prevalence, papaya actually has many different names that passes from the papaya in Europe and Australia for pump Fruita in Cuba papaya in France and finally mamão in Brazil ( 3 ).

Despite its many names, papaya is a universal and extremely versatile fruit used around the world.

The most common form of the fruit is called a "loner", which is the Hawaiian papaya ( 3 ).

This specific variety is shaped like a pear, measuring about six inches long, and weighs about a pound ( 3 ).

Interesting Facts

Despite that does not resemble anything close to his half strawberry, blueberry, or blackberry, papaya is now considered as a berry, because it is indeed a fleshy fruit produced from a single ovary ( 3 ).

What's more is that small black seeds located in the center of the papaya are actually edible as well and are known to have a very different and / or peppery taste spicy, which is not something that normally expect from a seed berry ( 3 ).

Despite their uses seem to have been hidden from the world for so long, people are finally beginning to unlock the full potential of papayas, medical treatment to soften the meat to its nutritional value.

In tropical crops, papaya has been used for hundreds of years as a form of medical treatment ( 3 ).

Interestingly, almost all parts of the fruit itself can be used, including leaves, roots, sap, seeds and flowers.

The leaves of the papaya is usually crushed and mixed in such beverages as tea or crushed out to create a mixture of juice ( 4 ) .

Moreover, the root extract of papaya and papaya sap is generally used as a topical therapeutic agent for treating insect bites or skin wounds ( 4 ).

Finally, seeds and flowers papaya are usually ground up or down to be used for the treatment of respiratory problems or to purge intestinal worms ( 4 ).

Nutrition Information

For people taking several glasses of orange juice every morning for daily consumption vitamin C, you may want to think again.

A portion of papaya can actually provide all the vitamin C you need for a day; in fact, that one serving contains almost 300% of the recommended daily allowance of vitamin C ( 3 )!

Therefore, only a portion of papaya has essentially the same amount of vitamin C, if not more, like all glasses of orange juice.

Two of the most beneficial compounds in papayas are chymopapain and papain ( 4 ).

chymopapain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from papaya latex ( 5 ).

Its most common use is to relieve pain caused by a herniated disk in the spine ( 5 ).

The injection of the compound directly to disk dissolved parts of the discs, relieving pain and disc pressure on the surrounding nerves ( 5 ) .

Papain is a digestive enzyme that is important to analyze the hard fibrous proteins, often they found in meat consumption ( 6 ).

25 Health Benefits of papayas

high in carotenoids

the role of carotenoids in human health has been studied for a long time.

dietary carotenoids are thought to be important in reducing the risk of diseases, especially cancer and eye problems ( 7 ).

Carotenoids have been investigated the most include beta-carotene , lycopene, lutein and ( 7 ).

Indeed, for a long time, it was thought that the main sources of beta-carotene and lycopene were tomatoes and tomato products ( 7 ).

Recently, however, randomized control trials have found that these major carotenoids are more bioavailable papaya any of carrots or tomatoes ( 8 ).

Indeed, the bioavailability of beta-carotene in papaya is almost three times higher than tomatoes or carrots ( 8 ).

Beta-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A, a very important and necessary vitamin for the human diet ( 8 ).

The other carotenoids, such as lycopene, do not become vitamins, but instead have been reported to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease and various cancers ( 8 ).

said, it is evident that carotenoids and therefore papayas provide such pigments are very beneficial to your overall health.

neutralizes free radicals and reduces oxidative stress

free radicals are reactive chemical species with one unpaired electron, making them highly unstable and dangerous to biological systems by causing oxidative stress in organisms ( 9 ).

Fortunately, the human body deals with these potential dangers through its natural endogenous antioxidant systems ( 9 ).

The antioxidant intake and other factors provide protection against free radicals, but if the generation of free radicals that occur naturally cellular respiration exceeds the protective effects of antioxidants, oxidative damage can occur ( 9 ).

Many scientists believe that this oxidative damage plays a key role in aging in general, as well as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders ( 9 ).

Fortunately, researchers have begun to discover that the fermented papaya not only provide a sufficient ration of antioxidants to strengthen the antioxidant defense system of the body, but may also be able to neutralize free radicals ( 10 ).

The compounds of the papaya essentially render those useless harmful chemicals so that they can no longer harm the body ( 10 ).

Other studies are still provided, however, since it seems that the fermented papaya should be consumed every day to strengthen more efficiently defense system ( 10 ).

decreases the risk of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the leading cause of dementia in the elderly ( 11 ).

has been determined that there is no single cause of Alzheimer's disease, but the disease is initiated by a complex matrix of factors.

One is oxidative stress, which, along with its many other effects, has been thought to cause beta-amyloid-induced and tau neurotoxicity, both of which are the main characteristics of the disease Alzheimer ( 11 ).

Unfortunately, brain tissue is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress, which really validates the importance of maintaining your healthy brain to reduce the risk of such diseases neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease ( 12 ).

In this particular disease, one of many biomarkers that scientists use for diagnosis is called 8-OHdG ( 12 ).

In one study, researchers measured this biomarker to be much higher in Alzheimer's patients compared to controls ( 12 ).

What is interesting, however, is that when these same patients with AD were supplemented with the fermented papaya, papaya extracts significantly reduced the amount of 8-OHdG over a period of 6 months ( 12 ).

The reasoning behind this treatment is that the compounds of the papaya can counteract the effects of free radicals and oxidative stress have in the body and, more importantly, the brain ( 12 ).

Reduces the risk of cancer / cancer fighter

As mentioned above, lycopene, like in papayas, it is a kind of carotenoids, such as beta-carotene; however, the lycopene is not a precursor of vitamin A, but instead is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of other carotenoids and has very strong antioxidant properties ( 13 ).

What is more interesting is its amazing anti-cancer properties.

Antioxidants protect our body against oxidative stress, which is an important factor in how we age.

Studies are also beginning to discover that the antioxidant protection, especially lycopene also protects against oxidative damage in our DNA that could activate oncogenes or genes that cause cancer ( 13 ).

Dietary antioxidant carotenoids such as lycopene may be able to protect cells from damage caused by internal or external sources, such as radiation ( 13 ).

Again, the main point to remember is that oxidative stress when combined with high levels of insulin and glucose, poses a serious risk of cancer, especially for people with diabetes ( 14 ).

However, researchers believe that the preparation of fermented papaya (FPP) can influence cascades associated with uncontrolled cell growth and survival signaling, thus making a possible therapeutic approach for patients already are undergoing cancer therapies ( 14 ).

Prevents heart disease

The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the good kind of fat.

are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which stimulates glucose uptake, and oppose resistance to insulin ( 15 ).

Patients with type 2 diabetes, however, is thought to have the malfunction of HDL, making them more prone to cardiovascular disease ( 15 ).

In a randomized controlled trial of eighty obese patients, subjects increased their fruit and vegetable intake , resulting in the carotenoid content and improved the cardioprotective properties of HDL ( 15 ).

Because scientists have many opinions based on the evidence supporting the beneficial effects of carotenoids and extremely large supply of papaya of these carotenoids, it is clear that consumption of large amounts of papaya would effectively lower a risk for heart disease ( 15 ).

Even for people who have type 2 diabetes, the relationship between low-density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein HDL is a precarious balance between too little means a higher risk of cardiovascular disease regardless of whether you He has diabetes.

Therefore, anyone can benefit from an increased intake of papayas not only, but also of many fruits and vegetables like.

reduces inflammatory markers

inflammations under both chronic degree and are common causes and / or triggers of many diseases such as obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders ( 16 ).

low-grade inflammation is specifically a common feature of obesity ( 16 ).

For people suffering from obesity, scientists have found more inflammatory markers in the blood compared to thin people circulating; after weight loss; However, these amounts of markers decrease, thus demonstrating a positive relationship between weight and quantities of inflammatory markers ( 16 ).

Because of its abundance of antioxidants and flavonoids, found papayas to dampen inflammation affecting the T cells, which mediate the inflammatory response ( 17 ) .

Indeed, the researchers conducted a study in which they gave male subjects prepared papayas to consume, and scientists observed how a number of regulatory T cells changed after consumption ( 17 ).

They found that inflammatory cytokines were suppressed significantly and that papaya may exercise directly an anti-inflammatory response through the use of these regulatory T cells ( 17 ) .

improves digestion

Besides its large number of carotenoids and antioxidants, an additional feature of the papaya is that they contain an enzyme called papain ( 18 ).

More specifically, papain is actually a proteolytic enzyme, meaning that aid in digestion of protein, and is usually extracted from the unripe papaya latex.

Several researchers believe that this enzyme is responsible for special reputation digestive properties of the papaya.

Many cultures use papayas as Natural Remedies for abnormal, such as constipation, heartburn digestive problems, and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome ( 18 ).

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effects of the preparation of papaya CARICOL ® in improving the gastrointestinal symptoms were observed ^.

The researchers concluded that the preparation of papaya helps to keep the digestive tract, most importantly, relieve constipation, bloating and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome ( 18 ).

Another study conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign suggested that papayas could actually act as a digestive aid as papain in papaya helps move bowling meat and are a great source of fermentable substances beneficial for your overall health.

You can treat ulcers

Although the flesh of the papaya is the most remarkable part of the fruit used for its health benefits, seeds, leaves and roots of the plant papaya are also very useful in the treatment of certain conditions.

Specifically, papaya seed extract has been recognized to have both gastroprotective effects and antiulcerogenic activity ( 20 ).

A study was conducted to evaluate this claim, the use of models of induction of acute gastric ulcer and chronic ulcers in rats ( 20 ).

When administered in high doses compared to the weight of the rat, seed extract papaya significantly reduced both gastric lesions and symptoms colitis ( 20 ).

In West Africa, especially ulcers are unfortunately very common, and it is very important to find ways to treat these diseases with natural remedies, such as papaya ( 21 ).

Buruli ulcer (BU) is the third most common mycobacterial infection in the world, just after tuberculosis and leprosy ( 21 ).

A large systematic review was compiled, listing various plants and compounds with anti-BU properties, and papaya remains one of the best known plants that have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of patients hospitalized BU ( 21 ).

The discovery of a convenient and focus less expensive , such as the use of papaya, in the treatment of these patients in less developed countries is a beneficial step in the direction correct.

Help Anti-aging

No surprisingly, the rate of aging of the skin is mainly determined by the speed of tissue degeneration on tissue regeneration speed ( 22 ).

However, the aging of the skin effect, they also depend heavily on their genetic makeup and lifestyle ( 22 ).

It is believed

excess free radicals to affect wrinkling, sagging, and other skin damage that occurs during aging ( 22 ).

Fortunately, lycopene and vitamin C-components that have already been mentioned as being numerous in papayas, have properties that protect your skin against the signs of aging ( 23 ).

One of the most important factors extrinsic aging involves photoaging, or how UV exposure affects the skin and contributes to sagging skin, wrinkles and degenerating ( 22 ).

The nutrients packed in papayas act as a natural "sunscreen", protecting the skin from harmful rays and therefore also the prevention of premature wrinkles ( 22 ).

therapeutic option for dengue fever

Dengue fever is a disease that affects between 50 and 270 million people each year in more than 125 different countries ( 24 ).

is a viral disease transmitted by mosquito bites Aedas , which is very similar to malaria and equally lethal ( 24 ).

Symptoms of the disease include fever, bleeding, and sometimes encephalitis and myocarditis ( 24 ).

Because little is known about the disease, treatment is usually symptomatic, which means that doctors can only treat the symptoms that occur.

Unfortunately, there is no known effective antiviral agent for the treatment of dengue fever ( 24 ).

papayas, however, offer a distinctive treatment of this disease.

Studies have shown that papaya plant can be used to treat deficiency of blood platelets which is a universal symptom of dengue fever ( 24 ).

Scientists believe that the extract from the leaves of the papaya plant contains stabilizing properties of the membrane and can protect the blood against the destruction induced by stress, which is crucial for the treatment of symptoms presented with fever ( 24 ).

have been made

Only a few studies in humans, but many of the results reported for treatment of human patients suffering from dengue fever with papaya have had good results.

Many cases result in an increase of platelets and white cells, relieving greatly the disease symptoms in these patients ( 24 ).

Used to treat Skin Wounds

Burns are one of the wounds of the skin most common but due to limited resources in areas such as Africa and other less developed countries, it burns management becomes a serious effort.

Traditional medicine is needed to save lives and money.

One of the traditional therapies to dress burns and wound healing involves papaya, which is the main component of their burn dressings ( 25 ).

Papayas are actually currently used in the pediatric unit at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Banjul, Gambia since it is well tolerated by children there ( 25 ) .

To prepare the papaya, the pulp is extracted from the ripe fruit, and then crushed and applied to infected burns ( 25 ).

Scientists believe that the effectiveness of papaya as a treatment for wound healing arises from proteolytic enzymes from papaya chymopapain and papain, and their antimicrobial activity ( 25 ).

Surprisingly, in a randomized study comparing bandages papaya dressings hydrogen peroxide, papaya salad dressings resulted in a shorter time necessary for the development of healthy granulation tissue time and a stay shorter hospitalization for patients, despite the dressings of hydrogen peroxide is the current mode dressings most hospitals ( 26 ).

is quite possible that Africa has the right idea when it comes to using traditional medicine to treat skin wounds and burns.

Used to treat acne / pimples

One of the lesser known benefits of papaya is that papain actually can help reduce acne and pimples, which is an increasingly expensive and prominent area of ​​treatment ( 27 ).

In a particular study, an ointment consisting of a combination of papain and several other compounds were tested in patients to assess its ability to reduce the incidence and severity of mild to moderate acne ( 27 ).

The sample size consisted of ninety-eight Caucasian patients aged fifteen to forty years old, and each patient was treated with the ointment once a day for twelve weeks ( 27 ).

After the study was over, researchers evaluated the efficacy of treatment using a scale universal Rating Global acne (GAG), and lesions counted to determine if the treatment was beneficial or not ( 27 ).

Fortunately, what the researchers found was that there was a 41% mean reduction in GAGs observed score and injury count decreased after the treatment period ( 27 ).

Since papain is an enzyme that dissolves the protein, which means that dissolves effectively grease, cleans the skin, and allows its pores remain unobstructed, such treatment leads to a lower likelihood of acne and pimple outbreaks.

Removes worms / parasites

papaya, papaya seeds, more specifically, they are actually very efficient for expelling worms and parasites ( 27 ).

The reason for this uncanny ability lies in a substance called caracin, which is very abundant in papaya seeds, and is known for its effectiveness in removing bodies roundworms ( 27 ).

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